Explore the complex interactions that result in our sense of taste and how a change in the sequence of a gene can result in a change in the function of the protein encoded by that gene, and consequently result in a changed phenotype.
Overview
PTC (phenylthiocarbamide) is a chemical that is considered “bitter” in taste. PTC has a molecular structure that is similar to chemicals found in poisonous plants. One thought is that this gene played a part in the taste receptors for these other poisonous chemicals. There seems to be a correlation between PTC tasting and the dislike of broccoli and related plants.
There are about 30 genes that encode bitter taste receptors in mammals. In 2003, scientists determined the sequence of the gene associated with PTC bitter tasting: taste receptor 2 member 38, or TAS2R38. This gene is 1,143 nucleotides long and has 3 locations where variations in the sequence correlate with the PTC tasting and non-tasting. Each of these changes is called a “SNP” (pronounced “snip”). A SNP is a single nucleotide polymorphism, or change in a single nucleotide in the sequence of DNA. We will use one of the SNPs to predict if you are a PTC “taster” or “non-taster.”
DETAILS:
1 Lesson plan
Step 1: Complete Short Survey
Complete the short survey to support our grant-funded lessons.
Step 3: Download Lessons
Taste Inventory
Students take a Taste Inventory to determne which bitter foods they like and dislike.
Student Prediction
Students predict whether they have the SNP for the bitter taste receptor.
PTC PCR Lab (Horizon Version)
Students analyze their own DNA using PCR, restriction enzyme digest, and gel electrophoresis analysis to determine whether they have the SNP for bitter taste receptors.
PTC PCR Lab (MiniOne version)
Students analyze their own DNA using PCR, restriction enzyme digest, and MiniOne gel electrophoresis equipment to determine whether they have the SNP for bitter taste receptors.
Compiled PCR Resources
Compiled resources for teaching about polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
SEP Teachers-Only Quick Links
These links are for SEP teachers who are part of the kit loan program. To become a part of the kit loan program you must complete the 3 week professional development program.